In vitro and in vivo experiment of antibacterial silver nanoparticle-functionalized bone grafting replacements

Abstract

Infection is a serious risk in transplant surgery and should be carefully considered while developing biomaterials. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are gaining popularity due to their ability to enhance antibacterial capabilities against a wide range of bacterial types. This study sought to create two antibacterial bone regenerations by incorporating AgNPs into bovine bone particles (BBX) (Product 1) and a light cross-linked hydrogel GelMA (Product 2). Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the constructions. PrestoBlue™ was used to assess osteoblast and osteoclast metabolic activities on the creations. Optimized AgNP functionalized BBX and GelMA were tested in a rabbit cranial 6mm defect model to assess their regeneration ability. The presence of AgNPs appears to increase. In vitro, osteoblasts proliferated more than AgNP-free controls. It is found that a 100 μg dosage of AgNPs effectively suppresses bacteria while minimizing negative effects on bone cells. The rabbit model indicated that both BBX and GelMA hydrogels loaded with AgNPs were biocompatible, with no evidence of necrosis or inflammation. Grafts functionalized with AgNPs can defend against germs while also serving as a platform for bone cell adhesion.