Pumice as a coarse aggregate substitute for lightweight concrete: Strength and density assessment

Abstract

This paper investigates the feasibility of using pumice as a substitute for coarse aggregate in lightweight concrete, focusing on its strength and density characteristics. A significant drawback of conventional concrete lies in its substantial dead load, rendering it economically inefficient as a structural material due to its high self-weight. Lightweight concrete, characterized by a lower density, addresses this concern by reducing dead loads and enhancing thermal insulation. This research focuses on achieving density reduction by partially replacing coarse aggregate with pumice in concrete of grade M20. The study aims to assess the structural viability of lightweight pumice concrete by determining its cube compressive strength and split-tensile strength with a target density of less than 1800 kg/m³. Various proportions of pumice substitution ranging from 0% to 20%, 40%, and 60% are investigated. The primary objective is to assess the compressive and split tensile strengths of lightweight concrete specimens. Comparative analysis with traditional concrete aims to identify the most advantageous substitution percentage that offers superior strength while meeting structural requirements.