Critical review on integration of electric vehicles into residential distribution system

Abstract

This paper presents a literature survey on various issues related to Electric Vehicles (EV) from an Electric Power Systems (EPS) perspective. For the past few years, the EPS has been transforming exceptionally, necessitating a substantial change in the network configuration, operation, and control of conventional power systems. Especially, distribution networks have undergone a significant transformation. Moreover, new loads like Electric Vehicles are going to be integrated with the electrical grid, and these EV loads will modify the consumption of electrical energy. Electric Vehicles will have a great impact on the distribution network because of their nonlinear behavior. At present, most of the existing EVs are connected to the residential distribution network for charging, which usually increases the demand for residential power. Consequently, unplanned charging of a huge number of EVs will result in an excessive energy demand that will result in several issues, such as power outages, voltage fluctuations, thermal stress on the lines, and harmonic pollution.