Distinctive Features of Organized Rescue Volunteering in Russia

Abstract

Introduction. This article presents the results of the first comprehensive study on volunteer participation in the field of rescue work in modern Russia. The study utilized data collected through an online survey of volunteers from rescue organizations to examine the socio-demographic characteristics of volunteers, their motives and values, the experiences they gained, and their perspectives on various aspects of volunteering and rescue activities. The objective of this study is to identify the distinct features of civic participation in this field. Materials and Methods. The study has relied on the findings of a large-scale online survey of Russian volunteers. Descriptive statistical methods were employed to analyze the data, including frequency analysis and contingency tables using the Chi-square criterion. These methods were particularly useful in characterizing the socio-demographic profile of volunteers, their most common practices, and their motivational structure. Additionally, the method of value portraiture by S. Schwartz was used to identify the value structure of rescue volunteers, while a comparison of average values was conducted. To investigate the predictors of volunteer activity termination, the study applied binary logistic regression procedures. Results. The study has identified several characteristics of volunteers in the field of rescue work. Volunteers tend to have a higher social status, holding positions in the professional hierarchy comparable to mid- and top-level specialists. They also tend to have a university degree, an above-average income, a family, children, and personal transportation. The study has also found that the organization plays a significant role in the continued participation and self-identification of volunteers. Conflicts within the community emerge as the primary predictor of volunteer disengagement, along with factors such as income decrease, family circumstances, and changes in personal interests. Discussion and Conclusion. The study has highlighted the challenge of distinguishing between collective and reflexive styles of participation in rescue volunteering. Further research is needed to understand the role of the organizational factor in shaping the professional and moral development of rescue volunteers, by analyzing entry into and continuation of volunteer participation over time, as well as exploring qualitative data on participation in rescue organizations. Practically, the findings presented in this article can be utilized by volunteer and rescue organizations to engage volunteers in rescue work, enhance motivation among existing volunteers, and establish guidelines and recommendations for collaboration between volunteers and official services.