The characteristics of mandibular fractures in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Mandibular fractures may lead to several complications, including infection, nonunion, malunion, and temporomandibular joint ankylosis. The incidence of mandibular fractures is quite common in maxillofacial trauma. The characteristics of mandible fractures could be different among countries concerning the condition of the population. The etiological differences depend on age, demographic patterns of a country, environmental conditions, social conditions, socioeconomic status and cultural configuration. This study aimed to perceive the characteristic of mandibular fractures among patients attending The Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during 2017- 2020.Methods: This study was a retrospective descriptive study. Samples included medical records of patients with mandibular fractures attending The Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during January 2017- December 2020. Samples were chosen using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The characteristics of mandibular fracture were based on gender, fracture etiology, mandibular fracture location, and treatment.Results: This study presented that the incidence of mandibular fracture rate was higher in males with 284 cases (82.08%) than females with 62 cases (17.92%) with a ratio of 4.5 to 1. Based on age, mandibular fractures were often found in the adult age group (20-60 years old) with 215 cases (62.14%). The most common etiology was road traffic accidents, with 287 cases (82.95%). Parasymphisis region was the most common site of mandibular fracture with 94 cases (25.26%).  Most treatments performed were open reduction internal fixation with 199 cases (57.51%).Conclusion: Mandibular fracture characteristics vary considerably among different study populations depending on demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status. The most frequent mandibular fracture site in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung was the parasymphisis region in a young adult age group.