The change of cell biometric and its nucleus on cervical-squamous-epithelial-cell with GA genotype of Fas-promoter-670 gene, high-risk human papillomavirus and Candida species infection: a case report

Abstract

Background: Cervical samples of patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections show positive results in HPV DNA testing. HPV infection can alter cervical squamous epithelial cells (CSECs) to be abnormal. Epigenetically, CSECs that change to be abnormal are affected by Fas-promoter-670 gene polymorphism. High-risk HPV (hr-HPV) patients can be infected by other microbes, for example, Candida species (Candida sp.). The present study's purpose was to show CSEC biometrics based on epigenetics of the Fas-promoter-670 gene polymorphism in Indonesian women with hr-HPV and Candida sp. infection. Biometric quantification was performed based on the following analysis of CSECs.Case report: Indonesian hr-HPV women at the age of 28 years, with Candida sp. infection, underwent a Pap smear examination on April 21st, 2016, using the ThinPrep method, and a blood test was also performed using the cubital vein. Blood and ThinPrep samples were examined for the Fas-promoter-670 gene polymorphism. Epigenetically, the subjects had the GA genotype of the Fas-promoter-670 gene in the blood and ThinPrep samples. Patients with Candida sp. infection in the early stages were characterized by the appearance of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), whereas those in advanced stages presented without PMN on the hyphae. CSEC biometric measurements were performed quantitatively using mononuclear CSECs (mn-CSECs) and binucleated CSECs (bn-CSECs).Conclusion: Biometric measurements of the CSECs were performed quantitatively and assessed the length, width, area and perimeter of the cell and its nuclei. Cell length, cell width, nucleus area, nucleus perimeter and nucleus length index were significantly different between the mn-CSECs, the 1st nucleus of bn-CSECs and 2nd nucleus of bn-CSECs (P<0.05).