Crosstalk between hypoxia and inflammation in non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Abstract

Tumor hypoxia is a well-known biological circumstance that has an impact on cancer growth and metastasis. This phenomenon is associated with poor patient outcomes, particularly in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. As the tumor mass grows, aggressive lymphoid malignancies necessitate a constant increase in perfusion, activating the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. HIF-1α is an important regulator widely discussed in various studies and pathological states that influence the expression of several genes through transcriptional regulation, including metabolism/respiration, cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, and others that may favor tumor growth. Tumor hypoxia also induces the expression of other important regulators, such as microRNA-210 (miR-210) and Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB), which propagate the tumorigenesis process. This article reviewed the molecular mechanisms of how HIF-1α correlates with NF-κB and other factors in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients.