Bacteriuria in pregnancy in Sanglah Hospital: a descriptive study

Abstract

Introduction: Bacteriuria in pregnancy is quite common, with the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria occurring in about 2-5% of pregnancies, acute cystitis occurring in 1.3% of pregnancies and acute pyelonephritis occurring in about 3%. If not treated properly, asymptomatic bacteriuria can increase the risk of pyelonephritis and the incidence of low birth weight (LBW). This study aims to describe the characteristics of patients with bacteriuria in pregnant women at Sanglah Hospital. Acknowledging the characteristics of patients with bacteriuria may help the screening process establish an early diagnosis and management. Methods: This study is a retrospective descriptive study carried out at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar from January 2018 to January 2020. Pregnant women diagnosed with bacteriuria in pregnancy from January 2018 to January 2020 at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar who had met the inclusion criteria and did not meet the exclusion criteria were included in the study. Data regarding the patient’s age, gestational age when bacteriuria was diagnosed, UTI complaints, bacterial urine levels, and culture results were collected for each subject. Results: Based on the results of this study, it was found that the prevalence of positive bacteriuria from January 2018 to 2020 was 0.89%. Most of the pregnant women diagnosed with bacteriuria were aged 20-35 years (77.1%), had gestational age of 0 - 28 weeks (64.9%), were multigravida (52.7%), and had high school education level (50.8%). The majority of pregnant women who experience bacteriuria were included in the group of asymptomatic bacteriuria (64.9%). The urinalysis results on pregnant women with bacteriuria showed that most of the pregnant women (45.6%) had +1 bacteria levels, followed by +2 and +3 bacteria levels, namely 28% and 26.4%, respectively. Conclusion: Bacteriuria in pregnancy is still a problem that is often encountered in daily practice