Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection

Abstract

Introduction: Recent studies have shown that in HIV patients, the incidence of acute myocardial infarction is up to two times higher than in people who are not infected with HIV. HIV patients presenting with the first episode of the acute coronary syndrome are, on average, a decade younger than the general population, more frequently in men and current smokers. Case Report: We report a case report of a 33-year-old man with a diagnosis of anteroseptal STEMI and recent HIV on first-line ART, a combination of zidovudine 300 mg and lamivudine 150 mg, plus efavirenz 600 mg. The patient had typical angina complaints and had risk factors, namely smoking and a history of dyslipidemia. Patients were treated according to acute coronary syndrome guidelines, given DAPT, heparinization for five days, statins, anti-ischemia, ACE-I, and DCA-PCI. The DCA-PCI result in this patient was CAD 1 VD with 1 DES installed in the proximal LAD (complete revascularization). The patient was discharged from the hospital after seven days of treatment. Prognosis in these patients is still quite good, but preventing recurrent myocardial infarction needs risk factors and control for successful myocardial infarction therapy and ART. Conclusion: Special attention should be given to the risk of myocardial in HIV patients. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment could significantly lower mortality and improve patients' quality of life.