The correlations between insulin administration on hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) in experimental rat myocardium experienced hyperglycemia with hypoxia

Abstract

Introduction: Hyperglycemia will lead to the synthesis of endothelium-1, which triggers vasoconstriction, resulting in decreased perfusion and ischemia. This will turn causing hypoxia which can induce hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) to release vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This study aimed to analyze the relationship of HIF-1 expression to VEGF-β in the myocardium of experimental rats experiencing hyperglycemia with hypoxia. Methods: This research method is purely experimental, all variables are controlled by a post-test only control group design. 30 male Wistar rats aged 3 months with 200–250 g were used. They were divided into two groups using simple random sampling techniques. Before given treatment, blood glucose checks were carried out in both groups. Furthermore, both groups were conditioned to be hyperglycemic and hypoxic for some time. Then, the first group was given insulin while the second group was not given insulin. The expression of HIF-1, VEGF-β was examined using immunohistochemistry. Data analyzed with Spearman test.  Results: The mean blood glucose in the first group was 174 ± 8.80 mg/dl while the second group was 173.67 ± 10.10 mg/dl. The mean value of HIF-1 in the first group was 63.33 ± 24.97% while the second group was 77.33 ± 12.79%. The mean value of VEGF-β in the first group was 37.33 ± 15.80% and in the second group was 13.67 ± 8.76%. Conclusion: Changes in HIF-1 expression did not have a significant relationship with the expression of VEGF-β, both in control and treatment.