Soursop leaves (Annona muricata Linn) ethanol extract prevents cisplatin-induced kidney injury of mice (Mus musculus) through SOD and MDA analysis

Abstract

Background: Cancer treatment has been carried out in various ways, including surgery, chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Cisplatin is often used for chemotherapy, but the use of cisplatin still has extensive side effects, including kidney injury. The ethanol extract of soursop leaves contains antioxidants expected to reduce ROS or induce SOD, glutathione and catalase, thereby preventing kidney injury. This study aims to explain the effect of soursop leaves ethanol extract on preventing kidney injury caused by cisplatin administration in animal models. Method: This study is a true experimental study with a randomized, posttest-only control group design. We used 40 mice and randomly divided them into 5 groups, each group containing 8 mice.  The K0 group was given aquadest, the K1 group was given cisplatin 20 mg/kgBW, the KP1 group was given cisplatin and soursop leave ethanol extract 100 mg/kgBW, the KP2 group was given cisplatin and soursop leave ethanol extract 200 mg/kgBW, the KP3 group given cisplatin and soursop leaves ethanol extract 400mg/kgBW. The extract was given orally for 5 days in a row. MDA and F2-isoprostane were measured using Immunohistochemistry. The data were all analyzed using an ANOVA test. Results: Soursop leaves ethanol extract with 200 mg/kgBW is the most effective dose to prevent kidney injury from cisplatin exposure. Soursop leaves ethanol extract can increase the expression of SOD and decrease the MDA metabolites. Conclusion: Soursop leaves ethanol extract can prevent kidney injury by increasing SOD and decreasing MDA.