A Review on Phase Change Material as Energy Storage Materials

Abstract

Phase transducers when a large amount of absorbing or releasing the material changes from a solid state to a liquid state it is called 'latent' heat. There are two main classes of transition materials petroleum, organic matter derived from plants or animals and salt hydrates, which are commonly used in natural salts from the sea or from mineral deposits. A level change is the transition of an object from one stage to another. These changes occur when enough power is supplied to the system, and also when the system pressure is changed. Although Stanford Ovshinsky is generally regarded as the inventor of phase modifiers for data storage, the discovery of phase-changing electrical properties began in the early 1900s in one of Yale's Alan Tower Waterman's little - known and rarely cited pioneers. Salt hydrates are specific Salts that can bind to the water of crystallization tend to change phase during their freezing process. The organic materials used as PCMs are primarily polymers with long chain molecules made of carbon and hydrogen. A phase transition is a physical process in which an object moves from one stage to another. The change usually occurs when heat is added or removed at a certain temperature, which is called the melting point or boiling point of the material. PCMs are generally divided into three main types: organic PCMs, inorganic PCMs, and eutectics of organic and inorganic compounds. Any substance that experiences the process of phase change is called phase change material (PCM). Such materials collect, dissipate, or absorb heat when oscillating between solid and liquid forms. When they turn to solid state they expel heat and absorb when they go back to the liquid state. Melting and evaporation are endodermic processes that absorb or require energy, while freezing and condensing are external heat processes that release energy