Does coexistence of endometrial cancer and adenomyosis affect survival outcomes? A retrospective cohort study

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate cancer survival parameters in patients with a combination of adenomyosis and endometrial carcinoma in pathological specimens. This is a retrospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary health center. Between January 2010 and December 2016, a total of 370 patients with a diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma who had undergone at least total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingoopherectomy. After excluding the patients from the pathology after reviewing the reports, 76 patients with adenomyosis were included in the study group and 287 patients without adenomyosis were included in the control group. The mean age of all patients was 63.6 ± 8.2 years. The mortality rate was 9.2% in patients with adenomyosis and 12.9% in patients without adenomyosis (p = 0.382). Overall, the mean time from diagnosis to death was 41.8 ± 24.7 months, which did not differ between patients with adenomyosis (29.3 ± 18 months) and without adenomyosis (44.6 ± 25.4 months, (p = 0.117). The presence of adenomyosis did not significantly affect overall survival (p = 0.434) or disease-free survival (p = 0.146). Median disease-free survival was 119 months in patients without adenomyosis and 120 months in patients with adenomyosis. None of the factors we studied affected survival in patients with adenomyosis. In our study, the presence of adenomyosis was found in 20.9% of patients who underwent hysterectomy for endometrial cancer, and this association had neither a positive nor a negative impact on disease prognosis, i.e., mortality rate, disease-free survival and overall survival.