1. Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 101 Murie, 982 North Koyukuk Drive, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, U.S.A.
2. Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 311 Irving 1 Building, 902 North Koyukuk Drive, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-7000, U.S.A.
3. Resilience and Adaptation Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks, P.O. Box 75700, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-7000, U.S.A.
4. School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Anderson Hall, 3715 West Stevens Way NE, Seattle, Washington 98195-2100, U.S.A.
5. Institute of Northern Engineering, Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 539 Duckering Building, 306 Tanana Loop, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-5910, U.S.A.
6. Department of Natural Resources and Extension, University of Alaska Fairbanks, P.O. Box 757200, O’Neill 303, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, U.S.A.