Modern methods of visualization of the tetralogy of Fallot

Abstract

   Tetrad of Fallot is one of the ten most common congenital heart defects that cause significant circulatory problems and lead to severe clinical manifestations. It is characterized by a combination of four anatomical defects: obstruction of the outflow tract of the right ventricle or pulmonary artery stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic dextraposition and right ventricular hypertrophy. This disease causes important social and economic consequences for the health care system, as it requires complex surgical intervention and a long period of rehabilitation. Timely diagnosis and an integrated approach to treatment, which includes surgical correction and postoperative rehabilitation, can improve the prognosis for patients, increase life expectancy and its quality. Modern complex methods of cardiological imaging, such as echocardiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, help diagnose tetrad Fallot, accurately assess the degree of defect, hemodynamics and plan the most effective treatment.