Alloferon antiviral drug studies in the treatment of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasias: a systematic review

Abstract

Aim: Analysis of the published results of scientific studies evaluating the effect of the antiviral drug alloferon on the reduction of viral load (VL) or the elimination of human papillomavirus (HPV) of high carcinogenic risk both in monotherapy of mild cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and in complex treatment of severe CIN, as well as to evaluate the effect of the drug on the dynamics of clinical manifestations of CIN. Key points. Eight published domestic studies of the antiviral drug alloferon in the treatment of CIN of varying severity were analyzed. The selection of relevant publications in the scientific citation database PubMed and Google Scholar was carried out to assess the antiviral and immunomodulatory effect of this drug and a cumulative analysis of the results of the treatment of 646 patients with CIN of varying degrees (361 received alloferon, and 285 were in the control group). The average age is 31 years. VL was calculated per 100,000 human cells: less than 3 lg per 105 cells — low, clinically insignificant concentration: from 3 to 5 lg per 105 cells — average, clinically significant concentration: more than 5 lg per 105 cells — high. The effect of the drug on the dynamics of clinical manifestations of CIN was assessed by the results of a cytological study and/or extended colposcopy. Conclusion. The analysis of studies showed the high efficiency of alloferon against HPV in monotherapy (85%: elimination of HPV — 32%, a significant decrease in VL — 53%). Efficiency in complex therapy (93%: elimination of HPV — 89.7%, reduction in VN — 3.3%). The clinical efficacy of the drug in CIN 1 in monotherapy is 79.9%, and in the complex treatment of CIN 2 — 96.8%. Keywords: human papillomavirus, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, recurrence, antiviral therapy, immunomodulatory therapy, alloferon.