Cytotoxic, Virucidal, and Antiviral Activity of South American Plant and Algae Extracts

Author:

Faral-Tello Paula1ORCID,Mirazo Santiago1,Dutra Carmelo2,Pérez Andrés2,Geis-Asteggiante Lucía2,Frabasile Sandra1,Koncke Elina1,Davyt Danilo2ORCID,Cavallaro Lucía3,Heinzen Horacio2,Arbiza Juan1

Affiliation:

1. Sección Virología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay

2. Cátedra de Productos Naturales Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay

3. Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina

Abstract

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection has a prevalence of 70% in the human population. Treatment is based on acyclovir, valacyclovir, and foscarnet, three drugs that share the same mechanism of action and of which resistant strains have been isolated from patients. In this aspect, innovative drug therapies are required. Natural products offer unlimited opportunities for the discovery of antiviral compounds. In this study, 28 extracts corresponding to 24 plant species and 4 alga species were assayedin vitroto detect antiviral activity against HSV-1. Six of the methanolic extracts inactivated viral particles by direct interaction and 14 presented antiviral activity when incubated with cells already infected. Most interesting antiviral activity values obtained are those ofLimonium brasiliense, Psidium guajava,andPhyllanthus niruri, which inhibit HSV-1 replicationin vitrowith 50% effective concentration (EC50) values of 185, 118, and 60 μg/mL, respectively. For these extracts toxicity values were calculated and therefore selectivity indexes (SI) obtained. Further characterization of the bioactive components of antiviral plants will pave the way for the discovery of new compounds against HSV-1.

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Environmental Science,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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