1. Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, Pacific Southwest Research Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, 60 Nowelo Street, Hilo, Hawai'i 96720.
2. Corresponding author. Current address: Department of Oceanography and Coastal Studies, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (e-mail: ).
3. Current address: U.S. Geological Survey National Wedands Research Center, 700 Cajundome Boulevard, Lafayette, Louisiana 70506 (e-mail: ).