Bioinformatics Study: Syzygium samarangense Leaves Chalcone Extract as Lung Cancer Proliferation Inhibitor

Abstract

Wax apple (Syzygium samarangense) is a plant commonly found in Indonesia with various health benefits, especially leaves. Anticancer effect in chalcone of the extract of Syzygium samarangense's leaves has been proven. This study identifies chalcone extract potential, a flavonoid active compound group in Syzygium samarangense, as a proliferation inhibitor in lung cancer based on bioinformatics analysis. The extract of Syzygium samarangense's leaves identification analysis shows that our extract contains flavonoids with a 3.63% w/w yield. We identified protein target from the main candidate of active compound from chalcone in Syzygium samarangense, Dimethyl Cardamonin (DMC). A total of 263 potential targets has been collected, and 21 of 263 genes were further analyzed, yielding five gene protein roles in cancer pathways in humans based on DAVID V6.8. Furthermore, expression level and survivabilities of 5 genes in lung cancer were analyzed, resulting in only HDAC1, a significant result. This result was further strengthened by molecular docking DMC with HDAC1 protein compared to the native ligand and inhibitor, showing no significant differences in binding energy between DMC and all comparator compounds. The compound interaction profile shows that DMC interacts similarly with zolinza. Thus, DMC was predicted to be potential lung cancer therapy by inhibiting HDAC1 hence cancer proliferation. However, additional research in the form of in vitro and in vivo proves our prediction.