Phthalate derivatives from marine Penicillium decumbens and its synergetic effect against sepsis bacteria

Abstract

Septicemia is a serious bloodstream bacterial infection resulting in blood poisoning and rapidly become human threats. The excessive usage of antibiotics against septicemic diseases developed the pan-drug resistant bacteria. Out of 15 marine fungal isolates, Penicillium decumbens was isolated from El-Shatby, Alexandria, Egypt, and identified as the potent isolate produced bioactive material(s) against some virulent septicemic pathogens. Diisooctyl phthalate (DIOP) in the butanol crude extract was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrum. Antimicrobial activities were tested in comparison with some known antibiotics used for sepsis treatment. Five antibiotics were, in vitro, tested against septicemic resistant bacteria, either individually or in combination with butanol extract (BE) showed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) 14.7 and 7.3 µg/ml against G+ve and G-ve tested strains, respectively. Combination of BE with azithromycin (AZM) reduced the MIC value by 73% for G+ve bacteria with the synergistic effect (fractional inhibitory concentration index) FICI = 0.39. Moreover, combination of BE with azithromycin (AZM), also, reduced the MIC value by 92% for Gve bacteria with the synergistic effect FICI = 0.37. The highest antiheamolytic activity reduction percentage was detected at 88% when the combined BE-AZM interact with the supernatant of K. pneumonia, whereas, the lowest antiheamolytic reduction percentage of 57% against E. coli. The findings suggest the use of Diisooctyl phthalate as improving agent in combination with antibiotics in pharmaceutical preparations.