Analysis of Multidrug Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli from Clinical Samples from Companion Animals and Bird Retrospect to Five-year (2015-2019) Literature Data

Abstract

Based on WHO 2017 data of death rate among the children of aging under five years, a diarrheal disease in post-neonates and sepsis in neonate posse second and third major concern, respectively. Though Group B Streptococci infection is a primary etiological agent, Escherichia coli infection is the major cause of mortality. Multidrug resistance in E. coli was studied from companion animals, addressing zoonotic disease transfer possibilities to their handler or in the community via direct or indirect contact or through contaminated food or water. Out of 100 samples cultured, 78 bacterial pathogens were isolated, from which 29 (38%) isolates were E. coli, identified using IMViC and confirmed by Vitek2. Antibiotic susceptibility against 42 antibiotics belonging to 12 different antimicrobial categories was performed by the Kirby-Bauer method of disk diffusion assay. By using WHONET software, an antibiogram was deduced and found that 23 (80%) isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 4 (13%) were possible extensively drug-resistant (possible XDR). Comparison of resistance data to the literature data of the period 2015-2019 supplemented with details of susceptibility either in the form of disc diffusion test or minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was carried out to understand the current scenario of drug resistance in E. coli of non-human origin.