A Review on the Emergence of Graphene in Photovoltaics Industry

Abstract

Graphene is considered one of the most significant materials of contemporary time, establishing a high impact in every research field domain and recently setting foot in the commercial market. The exclusive characteristics have made it one of the essential materials for many energy generating devices. Before using graphene electrodes, lithium was mostly used by energy-producing devices, but after the graphene invention, the electrode situation changed. Lithium-ion batteries are now getting attached to graphene electrodes to increase the device's efficiency and energy production rate. This review comprehensively covers the present scenario of leading graphene industries entering the photovoltaics market and highlighting the pristine futuristic vista where it might reign as a chief component in most energy devices. The light weightiness, cost-effective fabrication charge than other 2D materials is more promising for assembling in solar cell industries. It has also spread over benchmark prototypes in solar cars, space crafts, robotics, and artificial intelligence. The article also canvassed the science behind its mechanism in photovoltaics as well as emphasized ingenious modifications by several research institutions and conglomerate industries to exploit this wonder material for the welfare of humankind.