Physical and Electrochemical Characterization of Modified Graphite Nanoparticles-Phosphotungstic Acid-Nafion on Glassy Carbon Electrode for Bisphenol A Determination

Abstract

A simple and rapid electrochemical sensor based on modified graphite nanoparticle with phosphotungstic acid and Nafion (GN–PTA–nafion) on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) has been developed for detecting bisphenol A (BPA). The GN was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD), while the modified GCE was characterized using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Several parameters such as GN concentration, scan rate, equilibrium time, and pH of phosphate buffer were optimized in this study. The GN–PTA–Nafion modified GCE that consists of graphite nanoparticle with a large surface area showed better and faster electron transfer, whereas the phosphotungstic acid (PTA) increased the sensitivity of the electrode for BPA detection. Good electrochemical performances for analyzing BPA, with a detection limit of 0.3995 mol L-1, as well as good reproducibility (RSD 2.51%) were obtained. The modified electrode showed that it had short analysis time, inexpensive and good sensitivity for BPA detection.