An Efficient Method for Extraction and Enrichment of γ-Linolenic Acid (GLA) from Spirulina

Abstract

γ-linolenic acid (GLA) is useful for improving and treating various diseases, including immune system-related diseases. In the world of commerce, GLA production has problems that compel scientists to search for a simpler, safer, and less costly way. Some microalgae have been introduced as a rich source of fatty acids; Spirulina platensis has attracted scientists due to the presence of 31% GLA in its fatty acid profile. In the present study, the Iranian strain of spirulina was investigated. Cell culture was performed under optimized conditions and after dry biomass production; the powder was used to continue the study. Finally, the extraction and enrichment steps were performed, and the IR spectra and gas chromatography methods were used for identification and final measurements, respectively. After enrichment by one-step urea crystallization, the percentage of GLA enriched in the total lipid was increased to 61.17%. These results suggest that employing simple, relatively inexpensive, and modified methods for the GLA isolation from the Iranian strain of spirulina may have a potential for industrialization.