Cellular and humoral components of the immune system in trichomonas infection with metronidazole

Abstract

Introduction. Despite the annual increase in infectious pathologies, including trichomoniasis, there is still insufficient study of the key processes of their development and progression, as well as the complexity of diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of the cellular and humoral component of the immune system in trichomonad infection against the background of metronidazole administration. Materials and methods. One hundred patients with trichomoniasis who received metranidazole for seven days were examined. Patients in the first group (n=50) received 500 mg twice daily. Patients in the second group (n=50) received 2 g once daily. Clinical and laboratory methods were used in the study. Results and discussion. It was found that early term trichomonad infection caused by T. Vaginalis, is accompanied by pronounced changes in the structure of the immune system in the form of activation of both cellular (reliable increase in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+), and humoral (reliable increase in phagocytic activity of neutrophils, inhibition — IgG and IgA, activation of IgE) immune links. The above changes were associated with the applied metranidazole regimen. It was found that the administration of this drug by 500 mg orally twice a day was more effective than by 2 g once a day. It was found that the imbalance of the immune system in the first group was reversible, the studied parameters approached the norm on the seventh day, and in the second group — persistent (most parameters exceeded the reference level at the end stage). Conclusion. The body's immune cascade, consisting of cellular and humoral components, in patients with trichomonad infection should be considered as an object for further scientific search for effective ways to manage it.