Variability of Knee Joint Anatomy and the Impact of Its Individual Parameters on the Topography of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Abstract

Introduction. The anatomical features of the knee joint are significant as potential predictors of various diseases and injuries. However, the relationship between the anatomical position of the ACL and the structural parameters of the knee remains insufficiently studied. This work aims to identify statistically significant correlations between individual knee parameters and their association with the topography of the ACL within the joint.Purpose of the study. To determine statistically significant relationships between individual knee parameters and their potential impact on the positioning of the ACLin the joint based on MRI data.Materials and methods. The study involved the analysis of MRI images of 391 knee from patients of different sexes. Measurements were taken for 19 parameters using standard tools for linear and angular measurements. The data underwent statistical processing.Results and discussion. Six factors influencing the positioning of the ACL were identified. The study results challenge the validity of existing knee structure classifications, highlighting the need to explore the relationships between joint parameters. Factor analysis of the measured knee values allows for the identification of new systems of interrelated parameters, including those independent of patient sex. The study emphasizes the importance of developing new MRI analysis methods for the knee using multiparametric models.Conclusion. Our research highlights important correlations between knee parameters and the positioning of the ACL. Factors affecting this dynamic underscore the need for an individualized approach to planning ACL reconstruction. The results provide a basis for developing more accurate analysis methods and personalized treatment strategies for orthopedic diseases, enhancing the efficacy of clinical practice.