Radiomics in the Radiation Diagnosis of Biological Subtypes of Breast Cancer (Literature Review)

Abstract

Introduction. Breast cancer (BC) has a leading position among oncological diseases in women. Early diagnosis and search for predictors of malignant neoplasms using radiation imaging methods allows timely diagnosis and treatment, which improves the prognosis for BC. Most of the data obtained by radiological imaging is largely non-specific at the molecular level. Radiomics is engaged in solving these issues, which performs a comprehensive quantitative assessment of tumor phenotypes by extracting a large number of quantitative signs from medical images.Purpose — systematization of modern scientific directions of radiomics in the radiation diagnosis of BC.Methods. Comprehensive analysis of PubMed and eLibrary.ru electronic databases over the past 5 years.Results. Based on the studied literature data, we identified the main promising scientific directions for the development of radiomics in the radiation diagnosis of BC: the study of the prevalence of BC, its risk factors, new screening approaches in the early diagnosis of BC; the search for specific markers and available visualization of signs of a certain molecular type of BC; the search for prognostic predictors and the study of the accuracy of the forecast based on the identified characteristics; identification of the possibilities of personalized therapy, assessment of the most effective treatment and modern management of cancer patients; expansion of the possibilities of radiomics in combination with other scientific fields.