Analysis of energy value of diets depending on diet in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity

Abstract

The study of diet as a factor influencing the formation of an exogenous constitutional form of obesity in children and adolescents is an urgent task of modern health care. The distribution of energy by meals has a significant impact on the degree of overweight and the severity of obesity. In the course of the study, a weak positive correlation (r = 0.26) was revealed between the proportion of dinner in terms of calorie content and the degree of overweight: the higher the proportion of dinner in the overall structure of the caloric content of the diet, the higher the degree of obesity in a child. With regard to breakfast, an inverse negative relationship was revealed (r = -0.27): the lower the proportion of breakfast in terms of calorie content, the higher the BMI value by gender and age. The high proportion of calories in the evening meals (afternoon snack and dinner) is more important for the degree of obesity in boys (r = 0.40) than in girls (r = 0.34). The older the child, the stronger the correspondence between excess calorie intake in evening meals and the degree of excess weight (at 8-10 years old r = 0.26; at 11-13 years old r = 0.31; at 14-18 years old r = 0.48).