Drugs associated with drug-induced hyponatremia

Abstract

Hyponatremia (HN) is a significant disturbance of the water-electrolyte balance in clinical practice. Drugs are one of the leading causes of low sodium level. Antidepressants, antiepileptic, antipsychotic, antineoplastic drugs and opioid analgesics are the most common medications that induce hyponatremia. Special attention should be paid to people with cancer, who often receive several drugs that induce HN. Risk factors for the development of drug-induced (DI) HN when taking most medications are female sex, weight loss, and old age. In persons receiving therapy with the listed drugs, it is necessary to assess the risk factors for a decrease in the sodium level, clinical manifestations from the nervous system, and to determine the sodium level in dynamics. Special care must be taken when treating elderly patients, since they have several risk factors for the development of DI HN. These measures will help prevent the development of HN and its severe and sometimes fatal complications.