Asthma

Abstract

Asthma is one of the most common respiratory tract diseases (approximately 7% of adults and 10% of adolescents and children suffer from asthma in the Russian Federation). The occurrence frequency of asthma does not depend on sex or age in the population. The number of patients with asthma worldwide increased annually. The majority of patients with asthma respond well to conventional therapies and successful disease control, but 20%30% of patients have severe phenotypes of asthma resisting known medicines, therefore they rarely achieve asthma control. Patients with severe asthma frequently need hospitalizations (up to 30%) and intensive care (4%7%). The clinical asthma guideline aimed to optimize patient care, up-to-date information about the epidemiology, and disease etiology and pathogenesis. Herein, presented the actual data about asthma classification, its clinical signs, modern diagnostics (clinical, laboratory, and instrumental), and differential diagnostics of asthma. Studies reported asthma treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention in the guideline. The authors describe in detail the existing healthcare options for patients with asthma, diasgnostics features, and care in partial groups of population (adolescents, pregnant or nursing women, and persons with occupational, exercise-induced, or severe phenotype asthma). The clinical guidelines are recommended for medical doctors (independently from qualification), under- and postgraduate students, universities tutors, residents, and researchers.