Successful Surgical Treatment of Mitral Valve Endocarditis Caused by Brucella: A Case Report

Abstract

Brucellosis endocarditis is a rare but life-threatening complication of brucellosis, involving congenital, prosthetic and even native valves. Its diagnosis and treatment is a great challenge for doctors. The patient's prognosis requires prompt diagnosis and continuous evaluation of treatment plans to assess the need for either surgical intervention of the infected valves or continuation of antibiotic therapy alone. We present a patient with brucellosis endocarditis, predominantly involving the mitral valve, presenting with vegetations and prolapse of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve with moderate to severe regurgitation. The patient was treated with triple antibiotic therapy before surgery. After the patient's blood culture results were negative, we removed the infected mitral valve vegetations and performed a mitral valve replacement. The patient was successfully extubated 4 hours after surgery and discharged 11 days after surgery. After discharge, the patient continued to receive triple antibiotic therapy for 2 months and was followed up at the cardiac surgery and infectious disease outpatient clinics.