Abstract
Current research aims to assess the therapeutic impact of Mucuna pruriens seed extract on PROTAMIN (PRM) I and II gene expression and hormones in chlorpromazine-induced endocrine disruptions and reproductive toxicity in male rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were categorized into five groups: the negative control group, rats that received distilled water for 52 days; the induction group, rats that received (20 mg/kg) of chlorpromazine for 52 days; and three treatment groups that were pretreated with chlorpromazine (similar to the induction group) that received a low, medium, and high dose of Mucuna pruriens (500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg, respectively). Serum samples were collected to measure testosterone, FSH (follicular stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), and prolactin serum levels using the ELISA technique. Tissue samples were collected to measure PRM I and II gene expression and for histopathological study. The PRM I and II genes were significantly downregulated in the chlorpromazine-treated group. These genes were also significantly upregulated in Mucuna pruriens-treated groups. The Mucuna pruriens-treated groups revealed a significant rise in serum LH, testosterone, and FSH concentrations, decreased serum prolactin, and improved histology of testicular damage compared to the induction group. In conclusion, the endocrine disruption and hormonal changes induced by chlorpromazine improved when Mucuna pruriens was administered, improving the impairment in gene expression and hormones.