Morphology lies: a case-in-point with a new non-biting midge species from Oriental China (Diptera, Chironomidae)

Abstract

Morphological traits are generally indicative of specific taxa, and particularly function as keys in taxonomy and species delimitation. In this study, a non-biting midge species with anEinfeldia-like superior volsella makes it hard to accurately determined based on its morphological characteristics. Molecular genes of two ribosomal genes and three protein-encoding genes were compiled to construct a related genera phylogeny and to address the taxonomic issues. Phylogenetic inference clearly supports the undetermined species as belonging toKiefferulus. Therefore, a new species classified in the genusKiefferulusis described and figured as an adult male from Oriental China. The species could be easily distinguished from other species in having anEinfeldia-like superior volsella and a triangular tergite IX.