Sensitivity of Tropical Cyclone Rainbands to Ice-Phase Microphysics

Abstract

Abstract A high-resolution tropical cyclone model with explicit cloud microphysics has been used to investigate the dynamics and energetics of tropical cyclone rainbands. As a first step, the model rainbands have been qualitatively compared with observed rainband characteristics. The model-generated rainbands show many of the mesoscale and convective-scale features of observed tropical cyclone rainbands. Sensitivity studies of numerically simulated tropical cyclone convection to ice-phase microphysical parameters showed that the model was most sensitive to changes in the graupel fall speed parameters. Increasing the fall speeds saw graupel being confined to the convective regions and producing higher rain rates in the inner core of the storm. A greater region of stratiform precipitation was produced when the efficiency for the collection of snow and cloud ice by graupel was reduced and when the mean size of graupel was reduced. Both of these simulations resulted in a higher concentration of snow being transported into the stratiform region. Although the precipitation structure changed across the simulations, the surface rainfall rate and the fundamental dynamical variables showed little sensitivity to the parameter variations.