Review of Wind–Wave Coupling Models for Large-Eddy Simulation of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer

Author:

Deskos Georgios1ORCID,Lee Joseph C. Y.1,Draxl Caroline12,Sprague Michael A.1

Affiliation:

1. a National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado

2. b Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, Boulder, Colorado

Abstract

AbstractWe present a review of existing wind–wave coupling models and parameterizations used for large-eddy simulation of the marine atmospheric boundary layer. The models are classified into two main categories: (i) the wave-phase-averaged, sea surface–roughness models and (ii) the wave-phase-resolved models. Both categories are discussed from their implementation, validity, and computational efficiency viewpoints, with emphasis given on their applicability in offshore wind energy problems. In addition to the various models discussed, a review of laboratory-scale and field-measurement databases is presented thereafter. The majority of the presented data have been gathered over many decades of studying air–sea interaction phenomena, with the most recent ones compiled to reflect an offshore wind energy perspective. Both provide valuable data for model validation. We also discuss the modeling knowledge gaps and computational challenges ahead.

Funder

Wind Energy Technologies Office

Publisher

American Meteorological Society

Subject

Atmospheric Science

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