1. a School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
2. b Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
3. c Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
4. d Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
5. e Center for Advanced Data Assimilation and Predictability Techniques, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
6. f National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado
7. g CoRA Office, NorthWest Research Associates, Inc., Boulder, Colorado
8. h NOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey
9. i Cooperative Institute for Modeling the Earth System, Program in Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey