1. a National Climate Center, Laboratory for Climate Studies, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
2. b Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
3. c Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
4. d Climate Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
5. e Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea