1. Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration, Shanghai, China, and International Pacific Research Center, and Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
2. International Pacific Research Center, and Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
3. Physical Oceanography Laboratory/Cooperation and Innovation Center for Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China