1. a Qingdao Joint Institute of Marine Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
2. b State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
3. c International Pacific Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
4. d Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
5. e Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China