Bollène-2002 Experiment: Radar Quantitative Precipitation Estimation in the Cévennes–Vivarais Region, France

Author:

Delrieu Guy1,Boudevillain Brice1,Nicol John1,Chapon Benoît1,Kirstetter Pierre-Emmanuel1,Andrieu Hervé2,Faure D.3

Affiliation:

1. Laboratoire d’Étude des Transferts en Hydrologie et Environnement, Grenoble, France

2. Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées, Division Eau, Bouguenais, France

3. ALICIME, Messimy sur Saône, France

Abstract

Abstract The Bollène-2002 Experiment was aimed at developing the use of a radar volume-scanning strategy for conducting radar rainfall estimations in the mountainous regions of France. A developmental radar processing system, called Traitements Régionalisés et Adaptatifs de Données Radar pour l’Hydrologie (Regionalized and Adaptive Radar Data Processing for Hydrological Applications), has been built and several algorithms were specifically produced as part of this project. These algorithms include 1) a clutter identification technique based on the pulse-to-pulse variability of reflectivity Z for noncoherent radar, 2) a coupled procedure for determining a rain partition between convective and widespread rainfall R and the associated normalized vertical profiles of reflectivity, and 3) a method for calculating reflectivity at ground level from reflectivities measured aloft. Several radar processing strategies, including nonadaptive, time-adaptive, and space–time-adaptive variants, have been implemented to assess the performance of these new algorithms. Reference rainfall data were derived from a careful analysis of rain gauge datasets furnished by the Cévennes–Vivarais Mediterranean Hydrometeorological Observatory. The assessment criteria for five intense and long-lasting Mediterranean rain events have proven that good quantitative precipitation estimates can be obtained from radar data alone within 100-km range by using well-sited, well-maintained radar systems and sophisticated, physically based data-processing systems. The basic requirements entail performing accurate electronic calibration and stability verification, determining the radar detection domain, achieving efficient clutter elimination, and capturing the vertical structure(s) of reflectivity for the target event. Radar performance was shown to depend on type of rainfall, with better results obtained with deep convective rain systems (Nash coefficients of roughly 0.90 for point radar–rain gauge comparisons at the event time step), as opposed to shallow convective and frontal rain systems (Nash coefficients in the 0.6–0.8 range). In comparison with time-adaptive strategies, the space–time-adaptive strategy yields a very significant reduction in the radar–rain gauge bias while the level of scatter remains basically unchanged. Because the Z–R relationships have not been optimized in this study, results are attributed to an improved processing of spatial variations in the vertical profile of reflectivity. The two main recommendations for future work consist of adapting the rain separation method for radar network operations and documenting Z–R relationships conditional on rainfall type.

Publisher

American Meteorological Society

Subject

Atmospheric Science

Reference33 articles.

1. Identification of vertical profiles of reflectivity for hydrological applications using an inverse method. Part I: Formulation.;Andrieu;J. Appl. Meteor.,1995

2. Identification of vertical profiles of reflectivities for hydrological applications using an inverse method. Part II: Sensitivity analysis and case study.;Andrieu;J. Appl. Meteor.,1995

3. Use of a weather radar for the hydrology of a mountainous area. Part I: Radar measurement interpretation.;Andrieu;J. Hydrol.,1997

4. Chapon, B. , 2006: Etude des pluies intenses en région Cévennes-Vivarais à l’aide du radar météorologique—Régionalisation des traitements radar et analyse granulométrique des pluies au sol (Radar observation of intense Mediterranean precipitation: Radar data processing regionalization and analysis of drop size distribution at ground). Ph.D. thesis, University Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France, 189 pp.

5. Variability of rain drop size distribution and its effet on the Z–R relationship: A case study for intense Mediterranean rainfall.;Chapon;Atmos. Res.,2008

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