1. a Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Ocean–Atmosphere Interaction and Climate Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
2. b Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
3. c Department of Mathematics and Statistics, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
4. d College of Aviation Meteorology, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
5. e Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan