1. a Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
2. b School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma
3. c Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research and Operations, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma
4. d Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
5. e NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland