On the Consistent Parametric Description of the Wave Age Dependence of the Sea Surface Roughness

Author:

Li Shuiqing1234ORCID

Affiliation:

1. a Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China

2. b Laboratory for Ocean and Climate Dynamics, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China

3. c University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

4. d Centre for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China

Abstract

Abstract The wind drag on the sea surface is characterized by the aerodynamic roughness of the sea surface, z0, which is regulated by surface wind waves. Many studies have related the dimensionless form of z0 to the wave age parameter estimated from spectral peak information. These parametric relationships have been well developed for the wind-driven sea but not for mixed seas. Based on an analysis using observations from a fixed platform in the northern South China Sea, the deficiency of the spectral peak information in the parametric description z0 when swells dominate is indicated. Instead, a consistent parametric description of z0 can be obtained by using the wave age estimated from the mean wave period, and normalizing z0 by the mean wavelength. Normalizing z0 by the significant wave height introduces a spurious residual dependence of z0 on the wave steepness. A parametric relationship is developed between the dimensionless z0 (normalized by the mean wavelength) and the wave age from the mean wave period. A comparison of this new relationship to the wind-speed-only formulation in COARE 3.5 is provided. Significance Statement In this paper, a consistent parametric description of the wave age dependence of the surface aerodynamic roughness is presented, with a wide range of sea states from dominant wind-driven seas to mixed seas in which the swells are dominant.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Key Research and Development Program of China

Publisher

American Meteorological Society

Subject

Oceanography

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