Mountain Waves Entering the Stratosphere

Author:

Smith Ronald B.1,Woods Bryan K.1,Jensen Jorgen2,Cooper William A.2,Doyle James D.3,Jiang Qingfang4,Grubišić Vanda5

Affiliation:

1. Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut

2. NCAR*–UCAR, Boulder, Colorado

3. Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, California

4. UCAR, Monterey, California

5. Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada

Abstract

Abstract Using the National Science Foundation (NSF)–NCAR Gulfstream V and the NSF–Wyoming King Air research aircraft during the Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX) in March–April 2006, six cases of Sierra Nevada mountain waves were surveyed with 126 cross-mountain legs. The goal was to identify the influence of the tropopause on waves entering the stratosphere. During each flight leg, part of the variation in observed parameters was due to parameter layering, heaving up and down in the waves. Diagnosis of the combined wave-layering signal was aided with innovative use of new GPS altitude measurements. The ozone and water vapor layering correlated with layered Bernoulli function and cross-flow speed. GPS-corrected static pressure was used to compute the vertical energy flux, confirming, for the first time, the Eliassen–Palm relation between momentum and energy flux (EF = −U · MF). Kinetic (KE) and potential (PE) wave energy densities were also computed. The equipartition ratio (EQR = PE/KE) changed abruptly across the tropopause, indicating partial wave reflection. In one case (16 April 2006) systematically reversed momentum and energy fluxes were found in the stratosphere above 12 km. On a “wave property diagram,” three families of waves were identified: up- and downgoing long waves (30 km) and shorter (14 km) trapped waves. For the latter two types, an explanation is proposed related to secondary generation near the tropopause and reflection or secondary generation in the lower stratosphere.

Publisher

American Meteorological Society

Subject

Atmospheric Science

Reference37 articles.

1. Numerical simulations of internal gravity wave breaking in the middle atmosphere: The influence of dispersion and three-dimensionalization.;Afanasyev;J. Atmos. Sci.,2001

2. Vectors, Tensors, and the Basic Equations of Fluid Dynamics.;Aris,1962

3. Breakdown of vertically propagating two-dimensional gravity waves forced by orography.;Bacmeister;J. Atmos. Sci.,1989

4. An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics.;Batchelor,1967

5. PYREX: A summary of findings.;Bougeault;Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.,1997

Cited by 81 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Exact Solutions Modelling Nonlinear Atmospheric Gravity Waves;Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics;2023-12-20

2. Non‐Orographic Gravity Waves and Turbulence Caused by Merging Jet Streams;Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres;2023-07-17

3. Exact nonlinear mountain waves propagating upwards;Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical;2023-05-22

4. Airborne coherent wind lidar measurements of the momentum flux profile from orographically induced gravity waves;Atmospheric Measurement Techniques;2023-03-03

5. The Coexistence of Gravity Waves From Diverse Sources During a SOUTHTRAC Flight;Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres;2023-02-25

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3