1. From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.A.M.K, L.A.E., A.S.N.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
2. Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center (S.A.M.K., L.A.E., A.S.N., P.W.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
3. Perelman School of Medicine; and the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics (S.A.M.K., L.A.E., A.S.N., P.W.G.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
4. Division of General Internal Medicine (P.W.G), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
5. Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA (P.W.G.).