Pulmonary Capillary Endothelium-Bound Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Activity in Acute Lung Injury

Abstract

Background—Pulmonary capillary endothelium-bound (PCEB) angiotensin-converting ectoenzyme (ACE) activity alteration is an early, sensitive, and quantifiable lung injury index in animal models. We hypothesized that (1) PCEB-ACE alterations can be found in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and (2) PCEB-ACE activity correlates with the severity of lung injury and may be used as a quantifiable marker of the underlying pulmonary capillary endothelial dysfunction.Methods and Results—Applying indicator-dilution techniques, we measured single-pass transpulmonary hydrolysis of the synthetic ACE substrate3H-benzoyl-Phe-Ala-Pro (BPAP) in 33 mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients with a lung injury score (LIS) ranging from 0 (no lung injury) to 3.7 (severe lung injury) and calculated the kinetic parameter Amax/Km. Both parameters decreased early during the ALI continuum and were inversely related to APACHE II score and LIS. Hydrolysis decreased with increasing cardiac output (CO), whereas 2 different patterns were observed between CO and Amax/Km.Conclusions—PCEB-ACE activity decreases early during ALI, correlates with the clinical severity of both the lung injury and the underlying disease, and may be used as a quantifiable marker of underlying pulmonary capillary endothelial dysfunction.