Dyslipidemia and Efficacy of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Acute Moderate Ischemic Stroke: A Post Hoc Analysis of the RICAMIS Study

Abstract

Background Ischemic conditioning‐induced cardioprotection was attenuated by dyslipidemia in some animal and clinical studies, which is not investigated in patients with stroke. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the RICAMIS (Remote Ischemic Conditioning for Acute Moderate Ischemic Stroke) trial to investigate the association of dyslipidemia on admission with the efficacy of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC). Methods and Results In this analysis, eligible patients were divided into dyslipidemia and normal‐lipid groups according to the levels of 4 blood lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol), which were further subdivided into RIC and control subgroups. We analyzed the differences in functional outcome between RIC and control subgroups in dyslipidemia and normal‐lipid patients, respectively, and the interaction effects of RIC treatment with blood lipid levels were evaluated. Among 1776 patients from intention‐to‐treat analysis, 1419 patients with data of blood lipid profiles were included in the final analysis. A significantly higher proportion of modified Rankin Scale score 0 to 1 was identified in the RIC versus control subgroup across the normal‐total cholesterol group (69.9% versus 63.5%; P =0.04), normal‐triglycerides group (68.1% versus 60.5%; P =0.016), high–low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol group (65.7% versus 57.7%; P =0.025), and normal–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol group (68.3% versus 60.5%; P =0.005). Similar statistical trends were found in the high‐total cholesterol group (62.8% versus 55.5%; P =0.059), high‐triglycerides group (67.8% versus 60.1%; P =0.099), normal–low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol group (69.8% versus 63.7%; P =0.105), but no statistical significance was found in the low–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol group (63.4% versus 61%; P =0.705). Furthermore, no significant interaction effect of RIC intervention by blood lipid profiles was found. Similar results were obtained for lipids as continuous variables. Conclusions Blood lipids on admission was not associated with the neuroprotective effect of RIC.