Association Between New‐Onset Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiac Conduction Diseases: A Prospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Background Cardiac conduction diseases can lead to life‐threatening outcomes. However, the evidence on risk factors for conduction disease that is needed to underpin prevention strategies is limited. The present study aimed to determine the association between type 2 diabetes and cardiac conduction diseases. Methods and Results This study included 101 080 participants free of prevalent diabetes and cardiac conduction diseases at baseline from the Kailuan Study. All participants were monitored biennially until December 31, 2020. During follow‐up, 14 397 participants were diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes. For each case subject, 1 control subject was randomly selected, matched for age (±1 year) and sex. The final analysis comprised 10 744 case‐control pairs. Cox regression models with age as the underlying time scale were used. During a median follow‐up of 5.46 years, 571 incident events occurred, including 164 atrioventricular blocks, 414 bundle‐branch blocks (BBBs), 274 right BBBs, and 210 left BBBs. After adjustment for potential confounders, participants with type 2 diabetes diagnosed had greater relative risks for most outcomes relative to controls, with hazard ratios of 1.42 (95% CI, 1.18–1.67) for conduction diseases, 1.40 (95% CI, 1.00–1.96) for atrioventricular blocks, 1.43 (95% CI, 1.16–1.75) for BBBs, and 1.69 (95% CI, 1.15–2.49) for left BBBs. In contrast, no association between diabetes and right BBB was observed. Conclusions In this study, participants with type 2 diabetes are at an increased risk of cardiac conduction disease but not associated with the development of right BBB.