1. From the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Forensic Medicine (S.K., I.T.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; the Department of Neurosurgery (Y.K.), Jikei University School of Medicine; the Department of Neurosurgery (M.F., T.Y.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; the Department of Preventive Medicine/Biostatistics and Medical Decision Making (K.W.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; the Division of Clinical Trials (A.T.), National Center...