Adamts5 −/− Mice Exhibit Altered Aggrecan Proteolytic Profiles That Correlate With Ascending Aortic Anomalies

Abstract

Objective: Investigate the requirement of Aggrecan (Acan) cleavage during aortic wall development in a murine model with ADAMTS (a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease domain with thrombospondin-type motifs) 5 deficiency and bicuspid aortic valves. Approach: Mice with altered extracellular matrix remodeling of proteoglycans will be examined for anomalies in ascending aortic wall development. Neo-epitope antibodies that recognize ADAMTS cleaved Acan fragments will be used to investigate the mechanistic requirement of Acan turnover, in aortic wall development. Results: Adamts5 −/− ;Smad2 +/− mice exhibited a high penetrance of aortic anomalies (n=17/17); Adamts5 −/− ;Smad2 +/− mice with bicuspid aortic valves (7/17) showed a higher number of anomalies than Adamts5 −/− ;Smad2 +/− mice with tricuspid aortic valves. Single mutant Adamts5 −/− mice also displayed a high penetrance of aortic anomalies (n=19/19) compared with wild type (n=1/11). Aortic anomalies correlated with Acan accumulation that was apparent at the onset of elastogenesis in Adamts5 −/− mice. Neo-epitope antibodies that recognize the initial amino acids in the Acan cleaved fragments neo-FREEE, neo-GLGS, and neo-SSELE were increased in the Adamts5 −/− aortas compared with WT. Conversely, neo-TEGE, which recognizes highly digested Acan core fragments, was reduced in Adamts5 −/− mice. However, mice containing a mutation in the TEGE 373 ↓ 374 ALGSV site, rendering it noncleavable, had low penetrance of aortic anomalies (n=2/4). Acan neo-DIPEN and neo-FFGVG fragments were observed in the aortic adventitia; Acan neo-FFGVG was increased abnormally in the medial layer and overlapped with smooth muscle cell loss in Adamts5 −/− aortas. Conclusions: Disruption of ADAMTS5 Acan cleavage during development correlates with ascending aortic anomalies. These data indicate that the mechanism of ADAMTS5 Acan cleavage may be critical for normal aortic wall development.